Anatomy · Abdomen and Pelvis

Duodenum: parts, relations, blood supply and applied anatomy

7 min read

  • Duodenum: first, shortest, widest and most fixed part of the small intestine, 25 cm long, "C"-shaped, extending from the pylorus to the duodenojejunal flexure.
  • Lies above the umbilicus opposite L1 to L3 vertebrae; retroperitoneal except the proximal 2.5 cm, which is suspended by the lesser omentum above and the greater omentum below.

Parts of the Duodenum

Parts of the duodenum

Part

First (superior)

Length
5 cm
Extent
Pylorus to superior duodenal flexure at the neck of the gallbladder

Second (descending)

Length
7.5 cm
Extent
Superior duodenal flexure down to inferior duodenal flexure, opposite L3

Third (horizontal)

Length
10 cm
Extent
Inferior duodenal flexure, horizontally left across L3, in front of the inferior vena cava (IVC)

Fourth (ascending)

Length
2.5 cm
Extent
Upward left of the aorta to the duodenojejunal flexure at the upper border of L2