Anatomy · Thorax

Mediastinum: divisions, contents and applied anatomy

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  • Mediastinum (L. middle septum): median septal compartment of the thoracic cavity between the two pleural cavities, occupying its central compartment.
    • Contains all thoracic viscera except the lungs.
  • Not a rigid partition: consisting mainly of hollow, fluid- or air-filled viscera bound by loose connective tissue, it is a dynamic, pliable and mobile septum in the living body.

Boundaries and Contents of the Mediastinum

Boundaries of the mediastinum

Boundary

Anterior

Structure
Sternum

Posterior

Structure
Vertebral column (bodies of thoracic vertebrae and intervertebral discs)

Superior

Structure
Superior thoracic aperture

Inferior

Structure
Diaphragm

Each side

Structure
Mediastinal pleura