Definition
Phossy jaw is chronic phosphorus poisoning characterized by necrosis of the jaw bones, especially the mandible, due to prolonged exposure to white (yellow) phosphorus.
Cause
- Chronic inhalation of phosphorus fumes.
- Seen in workers exposed to phosphorus industries (historically match factories).
Pathogenesis
Chronic phosphorus exposure → inflammation of gums → osteomyelitis → necrosis of jaw bone → Phossy Jaw.
Clinical Features
Early
- Toothache.
- Gingivitis.
- Swelling of gums.
Late
- Osteomyelitis of jaw.
- Necrosis of mandible.
- Loosening of teeth.
- Discharging sinuses.
- Facial deformity.