Forensic Medicine · Firearm Injuries

Rifle Bullet Wounds at Different Ranges

1 min read · Verified by professors

The appearance of a rifle bullet entry wound changes predictably with the muzzle-to-target distance. Learn the range bands in order.

Contact shot

  • Muzzle in contact with the skin.
  • Circular entry wound.
  • Burning and blackening inside the wound.
  • Muzzle imprint may be present.
  • Stellate wound may occur over the skull.

Close range shot

Entry wound with:

  • Blackening
  • Tattooing
  • Burning
  • Singeing

Intermediate range shot

  • Tattooing present.
  • Blackening absent or minimal.
  • No burning.

Distant range shot

  • Only entry wound and abrasion collar.
  • No blackening.
  • No tattooing.
  • No burning.