Physiology · Respiratory System

Gas exchange across respiratory membrane

5 min read

Definition

  • Gas exchange is diffusion of O2 and CO2 between alveolar air and capillary blood across the respiratory membrane, driven by partial pressure gradients.
  • The respiratory membrane is normally 0.2 to 0.5 μ thick.

Factors Contributing to Gas Exchange

Factors determining gas uptake from the alveoli

Factor

Diffusion properties of the alveolar-capillary membrane

Role
Membrane structure and composition

Partial pressure gradient for the gas

Role
Driving force for diffusion

Pulmonary capillary blood flow

Role
Delivers and removes gas to sustain the gradient

Diffusing capacity of the gas through the membrane

Role
Overall rate of gas transfer