Definition
- Shock is a syndrome of inadequate tissue perfusion with a relative or absolute decrease in cardiac output.
- Acute hemorrhage of more than 15 mL/kg body weight results in shock.
Classification of Shock
Classification of shock by mechanism
Type
Hypovolemic
- Mechanism
- Decreased volume of fluid in the vascular system
- Examples
- Hemorrhagic, traumatic, surgical, burn shock
Distributive
- Mechanism
- Increased vascular capacity from acute marked vasodilation
- Examples
- Neurogenic, anaphylactic, septic shock
Cardiogenic
- Mechanism
- Decreased ability of the heart to pump blood
- Examples
- Acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias
Obstructive
- Mechanism
- Obstruction to ejection of blood from the ventricle
- Examples
- Cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis, cardiac tumor, tension pneumothorax