Management of any poisoned patient follows a structured sequence. Stabilise first, then remove poison, then give antidote and enhance elimination, then support.
1. Removal of Patient from Source of Poison
- Shift from the poisonous atmosphere.
- Remove contaminated clothing.
- Prevent further exposure.
2. Maintenance of Vital Functions
- Airway — maintain a patent airway.
- Breathing — oxygen administration; assisted ventilation if required.
- Circulation — maintain blood pressure; IV fluids; cardiac monitoring.
3. Removal of Unabsorbed Poison
- Gastric lavage
- Induced emesis — rarely used now.
- Skin decontamination — wash skin thoroughly.
- Eye irrigation — copious washing with water.